Shortly after founding the ICAB, Costa consecrated four bishops, Salomão Barbosa Ferraz in 1945, Antidio Jose Vargas and Jorge Alves de Souza in 1946, and Luis Fernando Castillo Mendez in 1948. Clerical celibacy was abolished, though he himself never married and remained celibate rules for the reconciliation of divorced and remarried persons were implemented the liturgy was translated into the vernacular, and clergy were expected to live and work among the people and support themselves and their ministries by holding secular employment.ĭom Luis Fernando Castillo Mendez, Patriarch of the ICAB from 1988 to 2009 However, a few months later ICAB churches were permitted to reopen, provided that their liturgy would not duplicate the Catholic liturgy, and their clergy would wear gray clerical attire in contrast to the black attire worn by Catholic clergy.Ĭosta implemented reforms in the ICAB of what he saw as problems in the Roman Catholic Church. In 1949, the Brazilian government temporarily suppressed all public worship by the ICAB, because its liturgy and its clerical attire would result in confusion by being indistinguishable from those of the Catholic Church in Brazil and were tantamount to deception of the public. According to Peter Anson, Costa was excommunicated "for attacks against the papacy." Later Costa was declared a vitandus-a person to be avoided by Catholics-and those Catholics who became adherents of the ICAB were excommunicated also. Costa's act of schism resulted in his automatic excommunication from the Catholic Church. In June 1945, Costa established the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB). In addition, he announced plans to set up his own Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, in which priests would be permitted to marry (and hold regular jobs in the lay world), and bishops would be elected by popular vote. In May 1945, Costa gave newspaper interviews accusing Brazil's papal nuncio of Nazi-Fascist spying, and accused the Vatican of having aided and abetted Hitler. In 1944, the federal Brazilian government imprisoned him, but later freed him under political pressure from the United States and Great Britain. Costa continued to criticize the government and the Catholic Church, advocating policies that were regarded by the authorities as Communist. In 1940, Cardinal Sebastião da Silveira Cintra, archbishop of Rio de Janeiro, permitted Costa, as titular bishop of Maura, to co-consecrate Bishop Eliseu Maria Coroli. As a result of his outspoken views, Duarte Costa resigned from his office of bishop of Botucatu in 1937 and was appointed to a titular see. He also publicly criticized the dogma of papal infallibility and Catholic doctrines on divorce and clerical celibacy. Ĭosta was an outspoken critic of the regime of Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945) and of the Vatican's alleged relationship with fascist regimes. The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is the mother church of an international communion called the Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches, though there is no evidence of any recent activity. The church's administration is in Brasilia, Brazil. Its current president of the Episcopal Council is Josivaldo Pereira de Oliveira. It is governed by a president bishop and the Episcopal Council. The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is the largest independent Catholic church in Brazil, with 560,781 members as of 2010, and 26 dioceses as of 2021 internationally, it has an additional 6 dioceses and 6 provinces. The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church ( Portuguese: Igreja Católica Apostólica Brasileira, pronounced, ICAB) is an independent Catholic Christian church established in 1945 by excommunicated Brazilian Catholic bishop Carlos Duarte Costa. Emblem of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |